1、THE XIAO ZHA ZHEN MASTER PLAN TULANE REGIONAL URBAN DESIGN CENTER AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION FEBRUARY 2005 APAAPA h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 XIAO ZHA ZHEN DEVELOPMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction 1.1 Background of t
2、his Study i. Planning ii.Design 1.2 The Site 1.3 Purpose of this Study 1.4 Approach of this Study 1.5 The Team II. Survey and Analysis 2.1 Shanghai and the French Concession 2.1.1 History 2.1.2 Regional Positioning 2.1.3 Policy 2.2 The Xuhui District 2.2.1 Positioning 2.2.2 Current Conditions 2.2.3
3、Policy 2.3 Relationship to the Surrounding Areas 2.3.1 The Xujiahui Area 2.3.2 The South Station Area 2.4 The XiaoZhaZhen Site 2.4.1 Strategic Position 2.4.2 Current Site Conditions 2.4.3 Current Adjacent Site Conditions III. The Master Planning Process 3.1 Existing Plan Analysis The Developer s Sch
4、eme 3.1.1 Plan Description 3.1.2 Plan Analysis 3.2 Alternative Master Plans and Discussion 3.2.1 The Revised Developer s Scheme 3.2.2 The Central Park Scheme 3.2.2.1 Plan Description 3.2.2.2 Plan Analysis 3.2.3 The Pedestrian Corridor Scheme 3.2.3.1 Plan Description 3.2.3.2 Plan Analysis 3.3 Process
5、 Review (Lessons of the Mid-Term Report) h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 American Planning Association Tulane Regional Urban Design Center Matrix Design Group3 IV. The Design Guidelines 4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 The Purpose of Desi
6、gn Guidelines 4.1.2 The Review Process 4.2 Table of Contents 4.3 Control Area 4.4 Concept Plan 4.4.1 Master Plan A 4.4.1.1 Land Use 4.4.1.2 Building Scale/Massing 4.4.1.3 Public Open Space 4.4.1.4 Transportation 4.4.1.5 Relationship to Xuhui 4.4.1.6 Impact on Adjacent Sites 4.4.1.7 Site Layout 4.4.1
7、.8 Feasibility for Success 4.4.2 Master Plan B 4.4.3 Street Map 4.4.3.1 Site Entrances 4.4.3.2 Site Accessibility 4.4.4 Program 4.5 Key Elements by District 4.5.1 General: Goals of the XiaoZhaZhen Master Plan 4.5.1.1 Pedestrian Oriented Streetscape Network 4.5.1.2 Signature Pedestrian Zones 4.5.1.3
8、Waterfront Development 4.5.1.4 Composing an Urban Street Wall 4.5.1.5 Tree Lined Streets 4.5.1.6 Encouraging High Quality Material Development 4.5.1.7 Incorporate Open Space into Private Development 4.5.1.8 Maximize Opportunities for Street Activity 4.5.1.9 Underground Utilization 4.5.1.10 Power lin
9、e Solution 4.5.2 Business 4.5.2.1 Compose an Urban Street Wall 4.5.2.2 Accommodate Structured Parking 4.5.2.3 Envelope Parking with Business and Retail 4.5.3 Expressway 4.5.3.1 Maintain Edge 4.5.3.2 Support Pedestrian Connections 4.5.3.3 Create a Hierarchy of Elevations 4.5.4 Entertainment 4.5.4.1 C
10、reate a Signature Pedestrian Zone 4.5.4.2 Offer a Variety of Spatial Types 4.5.4.3 Support Connections to Adjacent Sites h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 4.5.5 Waterfront 4.5.5.1 Provide a Public Amenity 4.5.5.2 Enhance Vistas wi
11、thin Proposed Concept Plan 4.5.5.3 Multi-level Pedestrian Systems 4.6 Key Elements by Street Types 4.6.1 Pedestrian 4.6.2 Vehicular 4.7 Transportation Guidelines 4.7.1 Bus 4.7.2 Taxi 4.7.3 Services 4.7.4 Underground Connections 4.7.5 Parking 4.7.5.1 On-Street Parking 4.7.5.2 Surface Parking 4.7.5.3
12、Structured Parking 4.7.6 Planned Off-site Infrastructure 4.8 Architectural Vocabulary 4.8.1 Material and Color Schemes Control 4.8.2 Base 4.8.3 Street Wall 4.8.4 Fenestration/Glazing 4.8.5 Rooftops/Bulkheads 4.9 The Streetscape 4.9.1 Curb Zone 4.9.2 Pedestrian Zone 4.9.3 Corner Zone 4.9.4 Cross Walk
13、s 4.9.5 Intersections 4.9.6 Extensions into the public right-of-way 4.9.7 Street Lighting 4.9.8 Benches 4.9.9 Bicycle Racks 4.9.10 Trash Receptacles 4.9.11 Landscaping/Forestation 4.10 Signage 4.10.1 General 4.10.2 Wall Signs 4.10.3 Projecting Signs 4.10.4 Awning Signs 4.10.5 Temporary Signs 4.10.6
14、Roof Signs 4.10.7 Size 4.10.8 Materials 4.10.9 Illumination h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 American Planning Association Tulane Regional Urban Design Center Matrix Design Group5 4.10.10 Parking 4.10.11 Street Signs V. Implement
15、ation Strategies 5.1 Implementation phasing 5.2 Detailed infrastructure improvement plan 5.3 Civic facilities development 5.4 Compulsory on-site improvements 5.5 Temporary Storage Space/Transportation VI. Appendix: 6.1 Development Model 6.2 Transportation Analysis 6.3 International Comparative Studi
16、es 1. Regional Shopping Facility; Galleria Dallas 2. Lower Manhattan World Trade Center Site, NYC 3. Canary Wharf Subway Connection 4. Air-Rail Links to Strategic City Centers References: 1. Shanghai City Planning and Management Technical Guidelines; Shanghai City Planning and Management Bureau; Nov
17、ember, 2003 2. 1999-2020 Shanghai City Master Plan 3. 2003-2007 Shanghai City Development Plan 4. Shanghai City Southern Districts Sub Plan (Xuhui District) 5. Tianlin Area Control Parameters Unit Plan (Partial) 6. Principles and Guidelines on How to Implement the “Shanghai City Master Plan (1999-20
18、20)” Summary; Shanghai Municipal People s Government; December 25, 2003 7. Shanghai Urban Planning History and Chronology 8. XiaoZhaZhen Site Traffi c Count Collection, December 2004 9. Xuhui District Government s Offi cial Comments on the Mid-Term Report 10. . h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m
19、典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 INTRODUCTION h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 1.1 Backgroun
20、d Topics 1.1.1 Systems Planning Asia and particularly Shanghai due to its rapid urbanization is developing large scale projects at a phenomenal rate. These large scale projects; skyscrapers, high rise residential development, and regional shopping facilities call for an ever increasing understanding
21、 of the transportation and social networks that allow them to succeed or fail. These projects cannot be planned as “a picture of some desired future end state” instead they must be fl exible to the larger urban system. China has a unique situation of public and private investment which can promote a
22、 successful integration of these networks with the help of a knowledgeable and proactive planning department. China s rapid growth has necessitated and promoted the creation of public infrastructure by private enterprise. This strategy of growth allows for a tight integration of transportation, soci
23、al, and economic networks but must be monitored carefully by the relevant planning department in order to gauge not only the ability of the private enterprise to build the necessary infrastructure but also the city s ability to manage it. 1.1.2 Urban Design The impact of a large scale development re
24、aches far beyond its physical form. These developments can spur growth and investment or clog highways and divide communities. The primary role of the urban designer is to study, on both, the district and site scale the current condition of the area and, further to understand the physical impact suc
25、h a development might have. The secondary role is to seek out the opportunities for development which promote smart sustainable growth. The tertiary role of the designer is to discover the identity of the area where it exists and to create that identity where it doesn t. These three roles allow the
26、Urban Designer to create a successful place rather than just an image on the horizon. 1.2 The Site With the coming of the Twenty-First Century, Xujiahui, a sub-core of Shanghai, has blossomed into an area which refl ects both the modernization of China and the historic charm of 20th Century Shanghai
27、. Located in the Southwestern portion of the Shanghai Metropolis, Xujiahui serves as a passageway to the city proper from numerous suburban districts and neighboring provinces and municipalities. Due to its importance in both transportation and business the most pressing issue for Xujiahui currently
28、 is, how to achieve sustainable development while maintaining the cultural richness of this area. Xujiahui is recognized as a zone within Shanghai which encapsulates all the pieces of the city from shopping to residential, from amusement to educational. With the rapid and continuous urbanization of
29、Shanghai the development opportunities within Xujiahui has reached its limit. At the same time, the layout of Xujiahui has begun to “thin out” as skyscrapers withdraw from the street edge creating a semi-urban high rise condition. Similarly, with the rapid increase in high rise development the resid
30、ential or social component of Xujiahui has become depressed and can no longer adequately support the commerce and business of Xujiahui. The 2003-2010 Xuhui Social Economic Development Master Plan and 2003-2010 Xujiahui Zhaojiabang Area Functional Upgrade Study by Shanghai Strategic Development Resea
31、rch Center laid a great foundation for exploring a multi-core development strategy to face these challenges. In addition, the international bidding process for the Xujiahui Area City Planning enlightened us with the strategic development ideal for the whole area s planning. Based on these facts and
32、studies, we realized that the XiaoZha area INTRODUCTION h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 INTRODUCTION 9 American Planning Association Tulane Regional Urban Design Center Matrix Design Group is crucial to expand the impact of Xuji
33、ahui Plaza and to upgrade the functional capacity of the greater Xujiahui area. The XiaoZha project is an extremely essential component for the future of Greater Xujiahui. Therefore, the Xuhui District Government has invited the American Planning Association (APA) to design the XiaoZha Plan. XiaoZha
34、Zhen is situated on the edge of Shanghai s Inner Ring Road between Xujiahui and the planned South Railway Station. The 25 HA site has great potential for a range of development types but must be thought of with transportation planning in mind. We hope APA will bring successful lessons of re-developm
35、ent of city core areas from other international cities, and help promote the development of the Greater Xujiahui Area. 1.3 Purpose of this Study In July 2004, the assembled APA team traveled to Shanghai, China in order to survey, analyze, and review both general strategies for development in Xuhui D
36、istrict and a proposed project on the site known as XiaoZhaZhen. The document that follows is intended to educate the interested parties on the methodology our team has used to evaluate the district and site as well as inform those parties of our conclusions. These conclusions should serve as a crit
37、ique of both planning policy and methodologies and as an educational tool to aid in decision making regarding this and other large scale developments in Shanghai. In order to make our recommendations for the XiaoZhaZhen Site clearer the Xuhui Planning Department requested that our offi ce develop an
38、d review three conceptual plans. The most successful of these three plans has been developed and has aided the APA and Xuhui Planning Department in establishing a clear set of goals for the future development of the XiaoZhaZhen Site by establishing the principle Design Guidelines for XiaoZhaZhen. Th
39、e APA s goal in this project is to aid the Xuhui Planning Department in establishing a vision for development. This vision when transferred into a policy state will have a clear manageable impact on the process of development in Xuhui. 1.4 Approach of this Study The scope of this study is to address
40、 policies which negatively impact the development of the Xuhui District through the careful consideration of the XiaoZhaZhen Site. The study will address specifi cally how policies drive design and development by offering incentives and variances which if not carefully monitored will negatively affe
41、ct the urban environment. Further, the study will propose a new development strategy that can, through careful oversight, positively affect both new and existing development in Shanghai. 1.5 The Team The American Planning Association (APA) is a private Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) dedicated t
42、o advancing the art, science, and profession of planning physical, economic, and social at the local, regional, state, national and international levels. As the largest and oldest non-governmental organization promoting planning movement, APA has a responsibility to share and exchange planning ideas
43、 and approaches on a global basis. APA has a long history with China, going back to Executive Director Mr. Stollman s fi rst visit to China in 1978. Since then APA has built friendship and strategic partnership with many of China s national, provincial and local governments as well as with APA s sis
44、ter professional associations in China. APA has advised numerous projects in China since 1996 for the Chinese governments or in association with the World Bank, UNDP and Asia Development Bank. Led by APA, the planning and design team for this project is assembled to comprise the world s leading plan
45、ner, designer and transportation specialist. Drawing from a rich breadth of professional resources has resulted in a clear understanding of numerous site planning issues and allowed the team to examine alternate methods for the development of XiaoZhaZhen. h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三
46、维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 American Planning Association Managing Planner: Jeffrey Soule, FAICP National Policy Director, APA APA Senior Advisor: Yuan Liu Asia Program Senior Advisor, APA APA Chief China Representative: Suning Chen Chief China Representative, APA Pro
47、ject Advisor: HengZhi Sun Project Advisor, APA Project Coordinator: Tianjin Luo, AICP China Projects Coordinator TRUDC Principal Designer: Grover Mouton III Director, TRUDC Project Planner: James Carse Associate, TRUDC Planner: Landon Anderson Associate, TRUDC Graphics: Koby Sackey TRUDC Matrix Desi
48、gn Group Chief Transportation Specialist: Dr. Andrew Lemer Principal h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 INTRODUCTION 11 American Planning Association Tulane Regional Urban Design Center Matrix Design Group h t t p :/w w w .d i l l
49、s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 INTRODUCTION 13 American Planning Association Tulane Regional Urban Design Center Matrix Design Group h t t p :/w w w
50、 .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 SURVEY AND ANALYSIS h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o m 典尚设计：三维动画、效果图 h t t p :/w w w .d i l l s u n .c o
